Flashcards · Spanish

Fully irregular. Name, nationality, profession and permanent qualities. Soy estudiante, no article.

Accents on every form but estoy and estamos. Where something is, and how it feels right now.

Irregular yo plus e to ie. The notes print temenos; it is tenemos. Age uses tener: tengo 20 años.

No stem left at all. ir a + infinitive is the future: voy a estudiar. Never drop that a.

Irregular yo only. Participle hecho.

Irregular yo plus e to ie, exactly like tener.

Irregular yo (salgo), regular everywhere else. Salir de casa, salir con amigos.

The notes print Véis. It is veis, with no accent. Participle visto.

sé takes an accent to keep it apart from se. saber + infinitive is a learned ability: sé conducir.

A z appears in the yo form. People take the personal a: quiero conocer a tu familia.

Irregular yo. The professor's CV rule uses it: No des información falsa.

e to ie, but not in nosotros and vosotros. Querer + infinitive is the soft future.

e to ie. The Set A quiz tests this one directly, and prints a distractor prefierís: it is preferís.

e to ie. Takes en for the topic: pienso en ti. Takes que for an opinion: pienso que…

e to ie. Lo siento is literally 'I feel it', used as 'I am sorry'.

e to ie. Irregular, whatever the Set A quiz groups it with. Takes a before an infinitive.

e to ie. The shops in Granada cierran a las nueve.

e to ie. One Set A item groups it with the regular -er verbs; it is not regular. Learn it as a stem-changer.

o to ue. The notes print Podeís; it is podéis. Possibility, not learned skill: that is saber.

o to ue. Reflexive dormirse means to fall asleep.

o to ue. In Spain lunch is at 2 or 2.30 pm, which is the cultural point of the Granada text.

o to ue, but in practice only cuesta and cuestan are used: things cost, people do not. Your class table drills the whole paradigm; ignore the rest of it.

e to i, and the u drops in the yo form. Sigue todo recto is 'carry straight on'.

o to ue. The notes write the infinitive as encuentrar; the infinitive is encontrar, with no ue.

Never means 'to have' in the sense of owning. It exists to carry the participle: he hablado. Its impersonal form is hay.

The model -ar verb. Learn these six endings and nine tenths of Spanish verbs follow.

Takes en for the place: trabajo en un banco. Never trabajar a.

One word in Spanish, three in English. The meal itself is el desayuno.

The meal is la cena, eaten at 9 or 9.30 pm in Spain.

The notes gloss it as to have. ¿Qué tomas? covers food and drink both.

Needs the personal a before a person: odio a mi jefe.

The description verb for clothes and accessories: lleva un vestido.

The model -er verb. Only nosotros and vosotros differ from an -ir verb.

Creo que… is the everyday way to give an opinion.

Always followed by an infinitive: debo acostarme temprano.

leéis carries an accent because the two e's would otherwise run together.

Takes a before an infinitive: aprendo a hablar español.

The model -ir verb. Compare vivís with coméis: that is the whole difference.

Regular in the present, but its participle is irregular: escrito.

Literally 'to call oneself'. Never mi llamo: the pronoun is me.

The notes' literal gloss is 'to make oneself get up'. They also print Me levantar de la silla; it is Me levanto de la silla.

Me lavo las manos, not mis manos. The pronoun already says whose.

Me cepillo los dientes. Again the article, not a possessive.

¿A qué te dedicas? is the polite way to ask what someone does. Answer with me dedico a…

e to ie, and the change vanishes in nosotros and vosotros. Waking up is despertarse; getting out of bed is levantarse.

o to ue. The notes gloss it 'to make oneself lie down', which is exactly what it does.

e to i, so the e disappears rather than doubling. Vestirse is dressing yourself; llevar is what you have on.

The verb agrees with the thing liked, not with the person. gusta before a singular noun or an infinitive, gustan before a plural noun. So me gusta comer is right and me gustan comer is wrong, whatever your class notes say.

Same shape as gustar, one notch stronger. Never add mucho to it: me encanta mucho is not said.

English makes the person the subject ('I am interested'), Spanish makes the topic the subject: me interesa el cine.

o to ue on top of the gustar pattern. Me duele la cabeza, with the article: the body part is the subject.

-ar verbs take -ado. Only haber changes with the person; the participle never moves.

-er and -ir verbs both take -ido, so there is one ending to learn here, not two.

Same -ido. He vivido en Bodh Gaya is the shape the CV wants for past experience.

The irregular participles worth memorising: hecho, dicho, visto, escrito, puesto, vuelto, abierto.