The real words
Goal 1: show a relationship
Two quantitative variables: use a scatter chart. Three: use a bubble chart, where the third variable is the bubble's size.
Line charts emphasise the pattern across consecutive points and are the usual choice over time. Stock charts show the relationship between time and price. Column charts, bar charts and heat maps show relationships between categories.
Relationship means "does one move with the other". Distribution means "how are the values spread". The same scatter chart can answer both.